Beautiful aurora! What makes it happen?
Billions of charged particles from the sun in the form of a coronal mass ejection (CME) are the first step in the making of a geomagnetic storm.
Powerful explosions on the sun's surface called solar flares launch this extremely tenuous cloud of material out toward the hapless planets at something like a million miles per hour.
Yesterday's CME was much faster - 4.5 million mph.
The faster the particles travel, the sooner they arrive and the more energy they carry.
Exactly like a speeding car.
A crash at 10 mph is far less destructive than one at 65 mph.
That's why scientists predicted such a powerful storm yesterday.
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